Exercise 19
A) Translate into Sanskrit:
The Vaiśyā woman, whose son has died, weeps.
यस्या वैश्यायाः पुत्रो मृतः सा रोदिति । (or: यस्या वैश्यायाः पुत्रो मृतो रोदिति ।)Rāma sacrifices to the deity who protects him.
या देवता रामं रक्षति तां यजते ।The poet praises the Kṣatriya, whose wealth he desires.
यस्य क्षत्रियस्य धनं लुभ्यति तं कविः स्तौति ।Fire burns the house of the man who does not honor Agni with a sacrifice.
यो नरो ऽग्निं न यजते तस्य गृहमग्निर्दहति ।The tiger-like man kills the Kṣatriya warriors, who have defeated Rāma (Passive).
यैः क्षत्रिययोधै रामो जितस्तान्पुरुषव्याघ्रो हन्ति ॥
B) Translate:
येन येन च वातेन
वारिदो वारि मुञ्चति ।
तेन तेन च वातेन
छत्रं वहति पण्डितः ॥१॥
With which wind the cloud lets fall water, with that wind a scholar moves his umbrella.
(Corresponds to: Behind the wind sails the wise man. / As the wind blows, so turns the flag.)
यो धर्ममर्थं कामं च
यथाकालं निषेवते ।
धर्मार्थकामसंयोगं
सो ऽमुत्रेह च विन्दति ॥२॥
He who at the right time follows religion (dharma), profitable activity (artha) or love (kāma), finds in this world and in the hereafter communion with religion, profit, and love.
सा भार्या या प्रियं ब्रूते
स पुत्रो यस्तु जीवति ।
स जीवति गुणो यस्य
धर्मो यस्य स जीवति ॥३॥
That is his wife, who speaks love,
That is a son, who lives,
He lives, who has virtue,
He who has religion, law, and custom, lives.
यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि
यस्यार्थास्तस्य बान्धवाः ।
यस्यार्थाः स पुमांल्लोके
यस्यार्थाः स हि पण्डितः ॥४॥
He who has prosperity, has friends,
He who has prosperity, has relatives,
He who has prosperity, is a man in the world,
He who indeed has prosperity, is a scholar.
Fig.: यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि
(Image source: Details)