Grammar Index
The Grammar Index lists all grammatical topics and phenomena from the Sanskrit course and enables quick access to specific lessons.
-
- -a m. (kṛt)
- -aka (kṛt), fem. often -ikā
- -ana n. (kṛt)
- -ch- within the word
- -ka (taddhita)
- -ti f. (kṛt)
- -tra n. (kṛt)
- -tva n., -tā f. (taddhita)
⟪
- अनिट्
- अनिट्-Formation
- अव्ययीभाव-Compounds
- उपपद-Compounds
- तद्धित-suffix -eya
- तद्धित-suffix -maya / -mayī
- महान्त्
- महान्त् "great"
- संवादः = Conversation
- सुभाषितम्
- सुभाषितानि
- सुभाषिते (two proverbs)
- सेट्
- सेट्-Formation
- स्म
A
- Ablative (पञ्चमी)
- Accusative (द्वितीया)
- Achte Presentklasse (तनादि)
- Adverbial Compounds
- Adverbial formation: adverbial suffix -śas
- Adverbial Use of Case Forms
- Adverbial Use of Case Forms No Longer Common
- Adverbially used बहुव्रीहि
- Another classification of types of Bahuvrīhis
- Aorist (लुङ्) 6: sइष्-लुङ् (P only)
- Aorist 5: इष्-लुङ्
- Athematic Present Classes
- Athetic Present Classes
- Ātmanepada-Intensivum
- Attributive determinations of nouns (word order)
B
- Bahuvrīhi with adverbial first member
- Bahuvrīhi with an attributive first member
- Bahuvrīhi with appositional first member
- Bahuvrīhi with casus obliquus first member
C
- Cardinal numbers
- Case Endings of Consonant Stems
- Classification of तत्पुरुष
- Classification of Nominal Suffixes
- Classification of the कर्मधारय
- Compounds of the type सुकर / दुष्कर
- Compounds with cardinal numbers in the first member
- Conjugation of the Desiderative (सन्)
- Connecting vowel -i-
- Consonant Stems
- Consonant-ending stems as the first member of compounds
- Consonantal Stems
- Copulative Compounds (Dvandva n. = द्वन्द्व)
- cvi formations
D
- Dative (चतुर्थी)
- Declension of Comparative Adjectives in -īyas
- Declension of Nominal Stems ending in -as, -is, -us
- Declension of Nouns ending in -ai, -o, -au
- Declension of polysyllabic feminine nouns ending in -ū
- Declension of root nouns ending in -ā, -ī, -ū
- Declension of Stems ending in -mant and -vant
- Declension of stems ending in -n
- Declension of stems ending in a simple consonant (except nasal, semivowel, -s)
- Declension of stems in -añc (-ac)
- Declension Paradigms to Memorize
- Decomposition of Compounds (except Dvandvas)
- Demonstrative Pronoun अदस् "that (distant)"
- Demonstrative Pronouns
- Demonstrative Pronouns: तद् । एतद् । इदम्
- Denominatives (नामधातु)
- Determinative compounds (तत्पुरुष) with adverbial first member
- Determinative compounds = Tatpuruṣa m. = तत्पुरुष
- Determinative compounds with a first member that stands in a non-attributive/appositional case relationship to the second member = Tatpuruṣa in the narrower sense
- Determinative compounds with attributive / appositional first member = Karmadhāraya m. = कर्मधारय
- Differences in the usage of the gerundive suffixes
- Disyllabic roots ending in -i/-ī with stem gradation
- Double Accusative
- Dual dvandva
E
- Eighth present class (तनादि)
- Eighth Present Class (तनादि)
- Eighth Present Class (तनादिगणः)
- Endings
- Endings of the Imperative on athematic present stems
- Endings of the imperative on thematic present stems
- Examples of Imperfect Formation
- Exercise
- Exercise 1
- Exercise 2
- Exercise 3
- Exercise on Metrics
- Exercises
F
- Feminine root nouns ending in -ī
- Feminines ending in -i: मति
- Feminines ending in -u: धेनु
- Feminines in -ā: क्षत्रिया
- Fifth present class (स्वादि)
- Fifth Present Class (स्वादि)
- Fifth Present Class (स्वादिगणः)
- First Members of Compounds
- First present class (भ्वादि)
- First Present Class (भ्वादि)
- First Present Class (भ्वादिगणः)
- Form of the present stem
- Formation of adjectives on -mant and -vant (taddhita)
- Formation of Adverbs with Adverbial Suffixes
- Formation of Feminines from Masculines
- Formation of Genitive Forms (ṣaṣṭhī f. = षष्ठी)
- Formation of the 2nd person verbal forms (मध्यमः) of athematic stems with vocally ending suffix
- Formation of the 2nd person verbal forms (मध्यमः) of athematic stems without vocally ending suffix (continuation)
- Formation of the 2nd person verbal forms (मध्यमः) Perfect (लिट्)
- Formation of the Ablative (पञ्चमी = "fifth case ending")
- Formation of the Absolutiv
- Formation of the Absolutives (क्त्वा . ल्यप्) from the Causative
- Formation of the Dative (चतुर्थी)
- Formation of the desiderative stem
- Formation of the first person perfect verb forms (लिट्)
- Formation of the Future (ऌट्, भविष्यन्ती f.) from the Causative
- Formation of the Imperative (लोट्) athematic present stems
- Formation of the Imperative (लोट्) athematic present stems (Continuation)
- Formation of the Imperative (लोट्) thematic present stems
- Formation of the Infinitive (तुमुन्)
- Formation of the Infinitive (तुमुन्) from the Causative
- Formation of the Locative (सप्तमी)
- Formation of the Optative Present (लिङ्)
- Formation of the Passive (यक्) from the Causative
- Formation of the PPP
- Formation of the PPP (क्त) from the Causative
- Formation of the present stem
- Formation of the present stem from the causative (णि, णिच्, कारित)
- Formation of the simple future (ऌत्, भविष्यन्ती f.)
- Formation of the verb forms of the first person athematic present stems
- Formation of the verb forms of the first person of the periphrastic perfect (अनुप्रयोगलिट्)
- Formation of the verb forms of the first person of the simple future - ऌत्
- Formation of the verb forms of the first person thematic present stems
- Formation of the verbal forms of the 2nd person (मध्यमः) athematic stems without vocally ending suffix
- Formation of verbal forms of the 2nd person (मध्यमः)
- Formation with the suffix -aya, -āpaya
- Formation with the suffix -kāmya, Parasmaipada
- Formation with the suffix -sya or -asya, Parasmaipada
- Formation with the suffix -ya, Ātmanepada
- Formation with the suffix -ya, Parasmaipada
- Formation without special suffix, Parasmaipada
- Fourth Present Class (दिवादि)
- Fourth Present Class (दिवादिगणः)
- Fünfte Presentklasse (स्वादि)
- Further कृत् formations on -a
- Further exercises on the use of the dative
- Further on the usage of the PPP
- Further on the use of the genitive (षष्ठी)
- Further Present Stems in -nt
- Future and Causative of the roots learned so far
I
- Indefinite Pronouns
- Indicative Present (laṭ = लट्)
- Inflection of the final member of a Bahuvrīhi
- Instrumental (तृतीया)
- Interrogative and Demonstrative Pronouns
- Interrogative Pronouns
- Interrogative Pronouns: किम्
- Interrogative, Demonstrative, and Relative Pronouns
- Irregular Comparison
L
- Law of cerebralization for -s- within the word
- Law of cerebralization for dentals within the word
- Laws of phonetic combination in the word
- Literature for Beginners in Indology
- Locative (सप्तमी)
M
- Masculine and Neuter on -vant / -mant: गुणवन्त्
- Masculines and Neuters in -in, -min, -vin
- Masculines ending in -u: गुरु
- Masculines in -a: नर
- Masculines in -i: अरि
- Meanings of nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a- / an-)
- Metrics (Study of Verse Measures)
- Metrics II: the epic त्रिष्टुभ् and the जगती
- Monosyllabic feminine root nouns ending in -ū
- Morphology Review Exercise
N
- Neunte Presentklasse (क्र्यादि)
- Neuter of stems ending in -a
- Neuter of stems in -i and -u
- Neuters in -a: फल
- Ninth Present Class (क्र्यादि)
- Ninth Present Class (क्र्यादिगणः)
- Ninth Present Class (क्र्यादिगणः)
- No connection with सु- and दुस्-
- Nominal Compounds (samāsa m. = समास)
- Nominal Derivation: कृत् Suffix -as Neuter
- Nominal formation
- Nominal formation: कृत्-suffix -तृ
- Nominal formations from verbal compounds
- Noun Formation: Regular Comparison
- Nouns ending in -an as well as nouns ending in -man or -van after a vowel
- Nouns in -man or -van after a consonant
- Numeral adjectives
- Numeral adverbs
O
- On Declension (Inflection of Nouns)
- On nominal derivation: तद्धित-suffixes -a and -ya
- On nominal formation: तद्धित-suffix -in
- On Sanskrit Terminology for Compounds
- On the Ablaut of ā
- On the Formation of Nominal Stems
- On the Formation of Nouns
- On the Formation of Verb Forms
- On the meaning of the PPP
- On the pronunciation of individual sounds
- On the Sandhi of Final Consonants
- On the Usage of the Instrumental (tṛtīyā = तृतीया)
- On the word-sandhi for s-
- On Word Sandhi
- On Word Sandhi for dh-
- Ordinal numbers
- Other Ways to Express Reasons
- Overview of Regular Case Endings (विभक्ति)
P
- "Participle" of passive necessity (Gerundive) (कृत्य)
- Parasmaipada Intensified Stem
- Passive
- Passive and PPP of the roots learned so far
- Perfect Passive
- Perfect Passive Participle (PPP)
- Perfect Type I: no stem gradation
- Perfect Type I: No Stem Grade Changes
- Perfect Type I: Perfect without stem gradation
- Perfect Type II: Strong stem high grade, weak stem low grade
- Perfect Type II: strong stem strong grade, weak stem low grade
- Perfect Type III: Strong stem Guṇa/long vowel grade
- Perfect Type III: strong stem strong grade/guṇa grade
- Perfect Type III: Strong Stem, Guṇa/Ḍīrgha Grade
- Perfect Type IIIa: Strong stem in guṇa/long grade, weak stem in zero grade
- Perfect Type IIIb: Strong stem in guṇa/long grade, weak stem in guṇa grade
- Perfect Type IV: Roots ending in -ā / -ai
- Perfect Type IV: Stems ending in -ā / -āi
- Perfect Type V: Consonant-a-Consonant
- Perfect Type V: Roots Consonant-a-Consonant
- Perfect Type Va: Weak Stem, Guṇa Grade
- Perfect Type Vb: Weak Stem Contraction (e-Type)
- Perfect Type Vc: Roots Consonant-a-Consonant. Weak Stem Strong Grade
- Periphrastic Perfect (अनुप्रयोगलिट्)
- Personal endings of the 2nd person (मध्यमः = "middle \<person\>")
- Personal pronouns (पुरुषार्थकसर्वनाम) of the 1st person singular and plural
- Polite forms of address
- Polysyllabic Feminines ending in -ī: देवी
- Possessive Compounds = बहुव्रीहि m.
- PPP + -vant: Past participle Parasmaipada
- PPP in -ta (kta)
- PPP on -na-
- Preliminary Remarks
- Present Participle (लडादेशः) Parasmaipada
- Present Participle Parasmaipada on -ant: सन्त्
- Primary endings of the third person (prathama m. = प्रथम = "first (!) person")
- Pronominal Adjectives
Q
- Question Formulas
R
- Reading and Translation Exercise
- Reduplication (अभ्यास m.)
- Reduplication of consonant-initial roots
- Reduplication of vowel-initial roots
- Relationship between Bahuvrīhi and Relative Clause
- Relative Pronouns: यद्
- Release into the Ocean of Sanskrit Literature: ಶ್ರೀಗಣನಾಥ / श्रीगणनाथ
- Remaining Pronouns
- Review Exercise
- Review Exercise on Morphology
- Review Exercise over the Christmas Holidays
- Root nouns ending in -ā at the end of तत्पुरुष
- Root nouns ending in -ī at the end of तत्पुरुष
- Root nouns ending in -ū at the end of तत्पुरुष
- Roots ending in -ā of the third conjugation class
- Roots of the second present class with stem gradation guṇa grade - weak grade
- Roots of the second present class with stem gradation strong grade - weak grade
- Roots of the second present class without stem gradation
- Rules for the Augment
S
- Samāhāradvandva (समाहारद्वन्द्व = "collective dvandva")
- Sandhi -- सन्धि
- Sandhi for final nasals
- Sandhi of final -ai and -au
- Sandhi of final -d
- Sandhi of final -e
- Sandhi of final -m
- Sandhi of final -n
- Sandhi of final -r
- Sandhi of final -s
- Sandhi of initial ch-
- Sandhi of initial h-
- Sechste Presentklasse (तुदादि)
- Second Present Class (अदादि = अद् etc.)
- Second Present class (अदादि)
- Second Present Class (अदादि)
- Second Present Class (अदादिगणः)
- Sentence Construction with the Causative (णि, णिच्, कारित)
- Sentence Questions
- Sentence Sandhi of -ās
- Seventh present class (रुधादि)
- Seventh Present Class (रुधादिगणः)
- Siebte Presentklasse (रुधादि)
- Significance of Determining the Meter
- Simple Supplementary Questions (Word Questions) and Answers
- Sixth Present Class (तुदादि)
- Sixth Present Class (तुदादिगणः)
- Some Important Nominal Suffixes
- Some Kinship Terms
- Sound change of nasals in words
- Sound change of the ending -dhve
- Special Formations of the Perfect
- Special Perfect formations
- Special rules for the formation of the passive
- Spoken Sanskrit: Further Questions (praśna m. = प्रश्न)
- Stem gradation
- Stem gradation of nouns
- Stems ending in -an as the second member of a बहुव्रीहि
- Stems ending in -h
- Stems ending in a non-palatal stop
- Stems ending in a palatal stop (c, ch, j), ś, ṣ
- Stems in -ṛ
- Stems with lengthened grade in the strong stem
- Stems with strong grade in the strong stem
- Stems without Stem Gradation
- Subhāṣitāni = सुभाषितानि = Proverbs
- Suffix -sāt
- Syntactic usage of the "participle" of passive necessity (Gerundivum) (कृत्य)
- Syntactical
- Syntax of the first person (तृतीयः)
- Syntax regarding आत्मन्
- Syntax regarding नामन्
T
- Tasks during the semester break
- Tenth Present Class (चुरादि) and Causatives
- Tenth Present Class (चुरादि) and Causatives (णिजन्त)
- Tenth Present Class (चुरादिगणः) and Causatives (णिजन्त)
- The 10th Present Class (चुरादि = चुर् etc.)
- The 5th Present Class (svādi = स्वादि = "su etc.")
- The 7th Present Class (रुधादि = "रुध् etc.")
- The 8th Present Class (tanādi = तनादि = "tan etc.")
- The 9th Present Class (क्र्यादि = "क्री etc.")
- The Absolutiv (क्त्वा । ल्यप्)
- The accusative (accusative case, dvitīyā f. = द्वितीया = "second case ending")
- The Benediction (आशीर्लिङ्)
- The Causative (णि, णिच्, कारित)
- The Conditional (ऌङ्)
- The Dative (चतुर्थी = "fourth case ending")
- The Desiderative (सन्)
- The epic Śloka (श्लोक m.)
- The Expression of the Relationship of Noun-Designated Entities: the Genitive (ṣaṣṭhī f. = षष्टी = sixth case ending)
- The form of the foreground member in compounds (समास m.)
- The Imperative (लोट्)
- The Imperfect (लङ्)
- The Infinitive (तुमुन्)
- The Infinitive (तुमुन्) for the roots learned so far
- The Injunctive
- The Instrumental (tṛtīyā f. = तृतीया = "third case ending")
- The intensifier (frequentative) (चर्करीतम्)
- The Interrogative Sentence
- The metrical quantity of syllables
- The Neuter (napuṃsaka n. = नपुंसक)
- The Nominal Sentence
- The numeral (सम्ख्या f.)
- The participle परस्मैपद of the reduplicated perfect (द्वित्वलिट्)
- The Passive (Suffix -यक्)
- The Passive Sentence
- The Passive, Indicative Present (yak = यक्)
- The Past Tenses
- The Perfect (लिट्)
- The Perfect (लिट्) for the roots learned so far
- The perfect endings
- The periphrastic future (लुट्)
- The Periphrastic Perfect (अनुप्रयोगलिट्)
- The Personal Endings of the First Person (***तृतीयः⟫ पुरुषः = "**third** Person")
- The personal pronoun of the second person
- The Present Participle Parasmaipada of the roots of the 3rd conjugation class
- The Prohibitive Sentence
- The Reduplicated Aorist
- The reduplicated perfect (द्वित्वलिट्)
- The Reduplication Consonant
- The Reduplication Vowel of the 3rd Present Class
- The Relative Clause
- The relative pronoun = व्यपेक्षकसर्वनाम n.
- The roots **दा** and **धा**
- The so-called Cerebralization Law for -n- (a word sandhi)
- The Sounds of Sanskrit
- The Suffix -तस्
- The third present class (जुहोत्यादि = "जुहोति etc.")
- The Verbal Sentence
- The verbal sentence with direct object
- The Vocative (आमन्त्रितम्)
- The vocative singular (आमन्त्रितमेकवचने)
- Thematic Present Classes
- Thematic stems
- Thematic Vowel, Thematic Present Classes
- Third present class (जुहोत्यादि)
- Third Present Class (जुहोत्यादि)
- Third Present Class (जुहोत्यादिगणः)
- Three-stemmed stems in -añc
- Translation exercise
- Translation Exercise
- Translation Exercise for Review
- Tribes on -ṛ in Compounds
- Tribes with Tribal Stratification
- Two-stem stems in -añc
- Type 1: no stem gradation
- Type 2: strong stem strong grade, weak stem low grade
- Type 3: Strong stem strong grade/lengthened grade
- Type 4: Roots ending in -ā / -ai
- Type 5: Consonant-a-Consonant
- Types of Metres
- Types of the reduplicated perfect
U
- Usage of the Ablative (पञ्चमी)
- Usage of the Accusative (Second Case, dvitīyā f. = द्वितीया = "second case ending")
- Usage of the Locative (सप्तमी f. = "seventh case ending")
- Usage of the Optative (लिङ्)
- Usage of the simple future (ऌत्, भविष्यन्ती f.)
- Use of the Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद) and Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद) in the Causative
V
- Verbal Compounds
- Verbal compounds expressing that something becomes or is made into something it was not before (अभुततद्भावः)
- Verbs of the 1st present class (bhvādi / bhūvādi = भ्वादि / भूवादि = "bhū etc.")
- Verbs of the 4th Present Class (divādi = दिवादि = "div etc.")
- Verbs of the 6th present class (tudādi = तुदादि = "tud etc.")
- Verbs with prefix
- Verbs without prefix: Absolutiv ending in -त्वा
- Vierte Presentklasse (दिवादि)
- Vocabulary
- Vocabulary list
- Vocabulary List
- Vocalic Stems
- Vowel Sandhi
- Vowel Stems
W
- Weekly Verse
- Word Formation: कृत् Suffix -u on Desiderative Stems
- Word list
- Word List
- Word List 2
- Word List for Translation Exercise
- Word Questions (Supplementary Questions)
- Word repetitions (द्विरुक्तम्)
- Word sandhi for -m, -n before sibilants
- Word sandhi for Palatal, Guttural, ṣ, h + -s
Z
- Zweite Presentklasse (अदादि)
अ
- अ-लुङ्
- अ-लुङ् (सस्वरः लुङ्)
- अकर्मकधातूनां गतिधातूनां च योजना १
- अकर्मकधातूनां गतिधातूनां च योजना २
- अजन्तानां द्विवचनम्
- अदन्तधातूनां तृतीयपुरुषबहुवचनस्य सार्वधातुकप्रत्ययाः
- अदन्तप्रथमादिगणानां द्विवचनम्: लट्
- अदन्तप्रथमादिगणानां द्विवचनम्: विधिलिङ्, लङ्, लोट्
- अनुप्रयोगलिट्लकारस्य द्विवचनम्
- अव्ययीभावः
- अस्मद्युष्मदोर्द्विवचनम्
क
- कर्मणि तृतीयपुरुषैकवचनस्य लुङ्
- कर्मणि द्विवचनम् (यक् प्रत्ययः)
- कर्मणि प्रयोगः (यक् प्रत्ययः)
- किं-शब्दस्य तद्-शब्दस्य च द्वितीयाविभक्तिः एकवचनं बहुवचनं च
- क्रियाविशेषणम्
च
- चिण्-लुङ्
ण
- णिजन्तधातूनां दशमगणधातूनां च लुङ्लकारस्य रचना
त
- तृतीयपुरुषैकवचनबहुवचनयोर्लङ्लकारप्रत्ययाः
द
- दशगणानां द्विवचनम्: लट्
- दशगणानां द्विवचनम्: विधिलिङ्, लङ्, लोट्
- द्वित्वलिट्लकारस्य द्विवचनम्
- द्विवचनस्य लङ्लकारप्रत्ययाः लोट्लकारप्रत्ययाः च
- द्विवचनस्य सार्वधातुकप्रत्ययाः
र
- रामशब्दस्य सर्वरूपाणि (एकवचनम्) श्लोके
ल
- लट्-शत्रुप्रत्ययः आत्मनेपदम्, लट्-कर्मणि शत्रुप्रत्ययः, लृट्-शत्रुप्रत्ययः आत्मनेपदम्
- लिट्लकारस्य द्विवचनप्रत्ययाः
- लुङ् ४: स-लुङ्
- लुङ् ७: स-लुङ् (स-लुङ् सस्वरः)
- लुङ्लकारस्य द्विवचनम्
- लुङ्लकारस्य रचनाप्रकाराः
- लृट्लकारस्य द्विवचनम्
स
- स-कारान्तं प्रथमैकवचनम्
- स-लुङ्
- सकर्मकधातूनां योजना
- सर्वनाम्नां द्विवचनम्
- स्त्रीलिङ्गस्य प्रथमैकवचनम्
ह
- हलन्तानां द्विवचनम्