Exercise 19

A) Translate into Sanskrit:

1. The wife of the Vaiśya, whose son has died, weeps.
   यस्या वैश्यायाः पुत्रो मृतः सा रोदिति । (or: यस्या वैश्यायाः पुत्रो मृतो रोदिति ।)

2. Rāma sacrifices to the deity who protects him.
   या देवता रामं रक्षति तां यजते ।

3. The poet praises the Kṣatriya, whose wealth he desires.
   यस्य क्षत्रियस्य धनं लुभ्यति तं कविः स्तौति ।

4. Fire burns the house of the man who does not worship Agni with a sacrifice.
   यो नरो ऽग्निं न यजते तस्य गृहमग्निर्दहति ।

5. The tiger-like man slays the Kṣatriya warriors who have defeated Rāma (Passive).
   यैः क्षत्रिययोधै रामो जितस्तान्पुरुषव्याघ्रो हन्ति ॥

B) Translate:

येन येन च वातेन वारिदो वारि मुञ्चति । तेन तेन च वातेन छत्रं वहति पण्डितः ॥१॥
With which wind the cloud lets fall water, with that wind a scholar moves his umbrella.
(Corresponds to: Behind the wind sails the wise man. / As the wind blows, so turns the flag.)

यो धर्ममर्थं कामं च यथाकालं निषेवते । धर्मार्थकामसंयोगं सो ऽमुत्रेह च विन्दति ॥२॥
He who at the right time indulges in religion (dharma), profitable activity (artha) or love (kāma), finds on this world and in the next world fellowship with religion, profit and love.

सा भार्या या प्रियं ब्रूते स पुत्रो यस्तु जीवति । स जीवति गुणो यस्य धर्मो यस्य स जीवति ॥३॥
This is his wife, who speaks of love,
But this is a son who lives,
He lives who has virtue,
He who has religion, law and custom, he lives.

यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि यस्यार्थास्तस्य बान्धवाः । यस्यार्थाः स पुमांल्लोके यस्यार्थाः स हि पण्डितः ॥४॥
He who has wealth, he has friends,
He who has wealth, he has relatives,
He who has wealth is a man in the world,
For he who has wealth is learned.

Fig.: यस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि
(Bildkälla: Detaljer)