Quelle & Urheberrecht

Glossary Sanskrit–English

Compiled from the word lists of Alois Payer's Sanskrit course.

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अ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
अखिल	akhila	3	seamless, whole	52
अगार	agāra	n	house, home	36
अग्नि	agni	m	Fire, God Agni	2
अजिन	ajina	n	antelope skin, esp. the skin of the black antelope (blackbuck : Antilope cervicapra L. ). Originally occurred througho	51
अञ्जलि	añjali	m	the two hands placed high together in reverence	36
अञ्ज्	añj	7P	anoint, smear	31
अटवी	aṭavī	f	forest	51
अणु	aṇu	—	thin, fine, very small ; m.: atom	25
अतस्	atas	—	from there, then, therefore, hence (Pronominal stem a- "this" + Ablative suffix -tas)	24
अति	ati	—	over, beyond (in space, in time, in number, in quantity, in order, in power, in intensity), exceedingly	41
अतिथि	atithi	m	guest	51
अथवा	athavā	—	or (preposed)	15
अद्य	adya	—	today	48
अधि	adhi	—	over, on, up, with reference to	20
अधिक	adhika	—	superfluous, additional, greater, better, extraordinary	23
अधिक	adhika	3	additional, surplus, extraordinary	43
अध्यक्ष	adhyakṣa	m	supervisor, department head ; eyewitness	24
अनगार्य	anagārya	n	homelessness of a Buddhist monk or novice	36
अनसूया	anasūyā	f	Non-murmuring, envylessness	16
अनु	anu	—	after, along, over - to, along, according to, towards, behind - from	36
अनुकृ	anukṛ	—	to imitate, to follow	36
अनुगम्	anugam	—	to follow someone, to walk along	36
अनृशंस्य	anṛśaṃsya	n	Non-maliciousness	16
अनेक	aneka	3	many (not some)	42
अन्त	anta	m	end, limit	18
अन्तरे	antare	Adv	meanwhile	42
अन्तर्	antar	Adv	inside, within; postposition with Gen. Loc. (, ): inside, in the middle; postposition with Gen. Abl. (, ): out of	52
अन्यथा	anyathā	Adv	otherwise, wrongly, incorrectly	25
अन्यद्	anyad	3	another (declension like )	43
अन्योन्य	anyonya	3	mutually, each other	52
अपवर्ग	apavarga	m	end, liberation	20
अपोह	apoha	m	negation ( + )	24
अभि	abhi	—	be-, after - towards, to - towards, against, in - into, with regard to, on, over, at	24
अभि	abhi	—	to, after - to, to - from, to - to, against, into - into, with regard to, on, over, at	36
अभिगम्	abhigam	—	to go towards, to approach	36
अभिनिवेष	abhiniveṣa	m	inclination, tenacity, insistence; specifically: attachment to the body as if it were something one's own	5
अभ्यन्तर	abhyantara	3	located inside, nearest; m. the nearest relative, native	51
अमुत्र	amutra	Adv	there, thither	52
अरण्य	araṇya	n	wilderness, forest	51
अरि	ari	m	enemy (according to Thieme, Der Fremdling im Ṛgveda: originally = stranger)	15
अर्जुन	arjuna	m	Arjuna, one of the five sons of . Hero in the (see Basham, Wonder pp. 409 - 414)	42
अर्थ	artha	—	for the sake of ..., in order to	19
अर्ध	ardha	3	half, m.n. half	15
अर्ह	arha	—	"You should")	22
अर्हन्त्	arhant	—	a worthy one. In Buddhism and Jainism: someone who has attained final liberation	22
अलंकार	alaṃkāra	m	ornament, means of adornment (in poetry)	24
अलम्	alam	Adverb	enough, sufficient, equal to (someone, something); with Dative: enough for, sufficient for, equal to; with Instrumental:	24
अल्प	alpa	3	small, little	43
अव	ava	—	down, downward, away, off-	40
अवज्ञान	avajñāna	n	disregard	29
अवतार	avatāra	m	(Descender, Descent) Incarnation of a god, esp. Viṣṇu's 10 incarnations (see Basham, Wonder pp. 304 - 309)	40
अवनि	avani	f	earth	49
अविद्या	avidyā	f	ignorance, non-knowledge	5
अशोक	aśoka	3	free from grief; aśoka tree = Saraca asoca (Roxb.) Wilde; name of the emperor Aśoka ( ) (ca. 304 – 232 BCE)	38
अश्	aś	9P	to eat, to consume	30
असित	asita	—	dark, black	20
अस्मिता	asmitā	f	"I-am-ness", i.e., the (false) belief: I am the one who sees, etc	3
अहिंसा	ahiṃsā	f	not causing harm to anyone, non-injury, non-violence	16
अह्	ah	—	to say, to speak	36

आ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
आख्यान	ākhyāna	n	narrative	24
आजीव	ājīva	m	livelihood	16
आटोप	āṭopa	m	vanity, pride	42
आत्मन्	ātman	m	self, own person, innermost essence. Philosophical and in liberation doctrines: the absolute in the individual, of which	38
आदर	ādara	m	consideration, attention, respect	49
आदर्श	ādarśa	m	mirror	52
आदाय	Absol.	—	with Acc.: accompanied by, with	33
आदि	ādi	m	beginning	18
आदित्य	āditya	m	sun; pl.: Āditya : a specific class of gods	50
आदृत	ādṛta	3	esteemed	36
आनन्द	ānanda	m	bliss, joy	43
आन्वीक्षिकी	ānvīkṣikī	f	Philosophy (the science that arrives at its conclusions through logically correct reasoning)	3
आपण	āpaṇa	m	market	43
आपान	āpāna	—	drinking bout	51
आम्	ām	—	yes	43
आयुर्वेद	āyurveda	m	the traditional medical system of India	49
आयुस्	āyus	n	lifespan (the full lifespan, one can live if nothing comes in between)	49
आर्य	ārya	3	Aryan, noble; m. Aryan (self-designation of the Sanskrit-speaking ancient Indians, literally: hospitable (Thieme)); Nobl	15
आश्रम	āśrama	m	hermitage, stage of life, phase of life (namely as , , and possibly as ; see Basham, Wonder p. 159f.)	20
आसन	āsana	n	the sitting, seat; also: yogic sitting postures	17
आस्	ās	2Ā	to sit	17
आह	āha	—	to say, to speak	36

इ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
इत्थम्	ittham	Adv	in this way, thus	43
इन्द्र	indra	m	prince, first, best among ; king of gods Indra	15
इन्द्रिय	indriya	n	power, sense organ	24
इव	iva	—	as if, like (in comparisons: = "a man like a tiger", "a tiger-like man"	15
इष्	iṣ	—	to send	42
इह	iha	Adv	here, here on earth, hither; now. Before nouns in the locative () synonymous with	50

ई

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
ईक्ष्	īkṣ	—	see	20
ईक्ष्	īkṣ	1Ā	to see, (to) behold, to look at	36
ईश्वर	īśvara	m	Lord, ruler, god (monotheistic)	2

उ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
उत	uta	—	and, also, or	49
उत्तम	uttama	3	highest, best	43
उत्साद	utsāda	m	Destruction	51
उदक	udaka	n	water	18
उदक	udaka	n	water	38
उद्	ud	—	up, upward, out, out-	20
उद्	ud	—	up, upward, aloft, out, out-	29
उपमा	upamā	f	comparison	33
उपहार	upahāra	m	offering, sacrifice, gift	51
उपाध्याय	upādhyāya	m	teacher	36
उपेक्षा	upekṣā	f	Non-regard, equanimity	3

ऊ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
ऊह	ūha	m	consideration, argumentation	24
ऊहापोह	ūhāpoha	m	discussion of the pros and cons	24

ऋ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
ऋतु	ṛtu	m	periodic process, season, time period, menstruation, time during which the woman is fertile and has a right to intercour	51
ऋध्	ṛdh	—	thrive	20

ए

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
एकत्र	ekatra	Adv	at one place	51
एव	eva	—	emphasizes the preceding, often corresponds in German to the emphasis, a kind of emoticon <!>, e.g. "only the tr	15

ओ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
ओष्ठ	oṣṭha	m	lip	20

औ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
औपकारिक	aupakārika	3	- : useful	24

क

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
कदली	kadalī	f	banana tree (Musa sp.)	52
कन्या	kanyā	f	young girl, daughter, maiden	41
कम्	kam	10Ā	to love	28
कर	kara	—	doing, making, causing	20
करुणा	karuṇā	f	Compassion, pity	3
कर्गल	kargala	n	paper	43
कर्मन्	karman	n	to 8U: action, deed, work; sacred work, sacrificial act; karma: past action, which later brings its fruits (e.g., in reb	38
कर्मविपाक	karmavipāka	m	ripening of deeds = the good and bad consequences of deeds in previous existences (to –)	38
कलत्र	kalatra	—	Wife, female	51
कला	kalā	f	art	49
कल्प	kalpa	m	ordinance, custom, ritual; World Period (from )	50
कल्पना	kalpanā	f	The forming in thought, the assumption of something non-existent in reality, fiction	40
कल्याण	kalyāṇa	3	beautiful	50
कवि	kavi	m	Poet	2
काम	kāma	m	wish, desire, desired gift, sensual pleasure, love; the god of love Kāma	5
कामम्	kāmam	—	according to wish, according to one's heart's desire	22
काल	kāla	m	time, (right) moment ; fate, death ; god of death Kāla	15
कालन	kālana	n	Forest	51
कियत्	kiyat	3	how big	43
किल्बिष	kilbiṣa	n	guilt, insult, sin	25
कु	ku	—	as the first member of compounds: bad	50
कुप्य	kupya	n	forest product, metal (not precious metal)	24
कुमार	kumāra	m	prince	42
कुमार	kumāra	m	Child, youth, prince; epithet of / Murugan = முருகன் = മുരുകന്‍ / Subrahmanya = ಸುಬ್ರಹ್ಮಣ್ಯ	48
कुमारी	kumārī	f	Girl, daughter	48
कुल	kula	n	herd, multitude, race, lineage, family	15
कुलूहल	kulūhala	n	curiosity, interest	49
कृ	kṛ	—	bow, revere, greet	24
कृतम्	kṛtam	—	= "It is done with the anger = desist from anger!"	24
कृत्स्न	kṛtsna	3	whole, complete	49
केवलम्	kevalam	Adv	only, alone, completely	41
कोविद	kovida	3	experienced in ( )	52
कौमर	kaumara	n	Childhood	48
कौशिक	kauśika	m	owl	51
क्रमयति	kramayati	—	br	35
क्रमितुम्	kramitum	—	br	35
क्रमिष्यति	kramiṣyati	—	br	35
क्रम्	kram	1U	to stride, to go	35
क्रम्यते	kramyate	—	br	35
क्रा	PPP	—	br	35
क्रिया	kriyā	f	action, sacred action, sacrificial action, ceremony (to 8)	20
क्री	krī	9U	to buy	30
क्रूर	krūra	3	raw, cruel	51
क्रोध	krodha	m	anger	5
क्लेश	kleśa	m	torment, plague	5
क्षत्रिय	kṣatriya	m	Kṣatriya (aristocratic and military class)	2
क्षत्रिया	kṣatriyā	f	female Kṣatriya	3
क्षत्रियी	kṣatriyī	f	wife of a Kṣatriya	3
क्षमा	kṣamā	f	Patience, forbearance, leniency	16
क्षिप्	kṣip	6P	to throw, to hurl	49
क्षिप्त	kṣipta	—	br	32
क्षिप्यते	kṣipyate	—	br	32
क्षेपयति	kṣepayati	—	br	32
क्षेप्स्यति	kṣepsyati	—	br	32
क्षेम	kṣema	n	Calm, peace, well-being, secure possession	16
कॢप्	kḷp	1Ā	to be in proper order, to fit (Loc.) ; to take shape, to form ; to resolve to, to condescend to (Dative)	40

ख

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
खन्	khan	1U	to dig	51
खिल	khila	m	fallow field, wasteland	52
ख्या	khyā	2P	see, become visible ; name, explain, communicate	24
ख्या	khyā	2P	to reject, to disdain	44

ग

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
गम्	gam	—	encounter, reach, attain	20
गर्भ	garbha	—	"interior", e.g	19
गर्भगृह	garbhagṛha	—	Volwahsen, A.: India : Buildings of the Hindus, Buddhists and Jains. -- Munich, 1968)	19
गर्ह्	garh	1Ā	to scold, to blame	51
गापयति	gāpayati	—	br	35
गास्यति	gāsyati	—	br	35
गीत	gīta	—	br	35
गीयते	gīyate	—	br	35
गुप्त	gupta	3	protected, sheltered	29
गुरु	guru	3	heavy, significant, worthy of veneration	2
गुर्वी	gurvī	f	fem. from guru	3
गृह	gṛha	n	House	10
गृहस्थ	gṛhastha	3	located in the house; m. householder (someone who is in the 2nd )	29
गृहीत	gṛhīta	—	br	32
गृह्यते	gṛhyate	—	br	32
गै	gai	1P	to sing, to recite in a singing tone, to proclaim in verse	35
गोदान	godāna	n	giving of cows / of a cow; second hair-cutting ceremony (a )	25
ग्रस्	gras	1Ā	to consume, to devour	29
ग्रह	graha	m	grasping, grasper, crocodile, wandering star	46
ग्रहण	grahaṇa	n	grasping	24
ग्रहीष्यति	grahīṣyati	—	br	32
ग्रह्	grah	9U	seize, grasp, take hold of	46
ग्राहयति	grāhayati	—	br	32
ग्लै	glai	1P	to feel reluctance, to fade away	36

घ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
घात	ghāta	m	killing	17
घृत	ghṛta	n	melted butter, ghee ( / گھی / ঘী)	33
घ्रा	ghrā	1P	to smell something	36

च

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
चक्र	cakra	n	wheel	52
चक्राम	cakrāma	—	br	35
चक्ष्	cakṣ	2Ā	to see	50
चतुर्थ	caturtha	3	fourth	15
चर	cara	m	the mobile = animals (in contrast to plants)	22
चरित्र	caritra	n	custom, habit, customary law ; conduct	48
चर्	car	—	to practice a vow, especially sexual abstinence)	22
चल्	cal	1P	to set in motion	42
चाण्डाल	cāṇḍāla	—	lowest level of the Dalits	49
चाययति	cāyayati	—	br	32
चि	ci	5U	to heap up, to collect	36
चित	cita	—	br	32
चित्त	citta	n	Consciousness, thinking, mind	16
चिन्तापर	cintāpara	3	absorbed in thought	42
चिन्त्	cint	—	to think, to ponder	51
चीयते	cīyate	—	br	32
चुर्	cur	—	to steal	28
चेत्	cet	—	if; provided that (never stands at the beginning of a sentence)	30
चेष्ट्	ceṣṭ	—	move	20
चेष्यति	ceṣyati	—	br	32
चौल	caula	n	ceremony () of hair cutting (at the age of 3 years)	24
च्यु	cyu	1Ā	to move, to move forward, to fall down	52

छ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
छन्न	channa	n	blanket, hiding place	49
छिद्	chid	7U	cut off	31

ज

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
जगौ	jagau	—	br	35
जटा	jaṭā	f	braid of hair (ascetic hairstyle)	51
जन्मन्	janman	n	birth	43
जव	java	3	fast, hurried	43
जाति	jāti	f	birth, kind, caste (to as caste see Basham, Wonder, p. 148ff.)	15
जाया	jāyā	f	wife	48
जीव	jīva	m	life, individual soul	30
जीव्	jīv	—	to live	16
जीव्	jīv	1P	to live	30
ज्ञा	jñā	9U	to know, to recognize, to know, to understand	30
ज्ञा	jñā	9U	recognize, understand	31
ज्ञा	jñā	—	to approve, to promise; Ā: to answer, to confirm, to assert, to recognize	42
ज्ञा	jñā	—	to command, to order	43
ज्ञाति	jñāti	m	(blood-)relative (relatives are those whom one knows!)	30
ज्ञान	jñāna	n	knowledge	18
ज्ञान	jñāna	n	knowledge, wisdom, understanding (esp. of the "higher" truths in religion and philosophy)	30

त

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
तत्त्व	tattva	n	true nature, truth, reality ( + = this-ness)	24
तनु	tanu	—	slender	20
तनूकृ	tanūkṛ	—	reduce, weaken	20
तन्त्र	tantra	n	String ; Loom, warp, fabric ; Basis, norm, rule ; Doctrine, textbook ; Tantra ; Magic formula ; Means, trick, medicine ;	48
तरय	taraya	3	threefold, consisting of three parts	51
तर्हि	tarhi	—	then, at that time; therefore, thus	43
तात	tāta	m	papa	42
तावत्	tāvat	Adv	as long	42
तिल	tila	m	sesame (seed) (Sesamum indicum L.)	34
तीक्ष्ण	tīkṣṇa	3	"wild", sharp, pointed, strict, fierce, sharp-tongued	29
तीर्थ	tīrtha	n	Ford, sacred bathing place, pilgrimage site	40
तीर्थङ्कर	tīrthaṅkara	m	Ford-maker (beyond suffering) = the 24 teachers of the Jains	40
तुद्	tud	6U	to strike	40
तुल्	tul	—	to weigh	43
तुल्य	tulya	3	equal, comparable ()	51
तुष्	tuṣ	4P	be content, be satisfied with (, , , )	46
तृण	tṛṇa	n	blade of grass	24
तॄ	tṝ	1P	to cross over, to cross, to save oneself from someone (Acc. = to cross someone)	40
त्याग	tyāga	m	abandonment, renunciation, avoidance	25
त्रयी	trayī	f	triad; in particular, the three Vedas (Ṛgveda, Sāmaveda, Yajurveda)	5
त्रि	tri	3	three	52
त्रिपिष्टप	tripiṣṭapa	n	Indra's heaven	52
त्रिवर्ग	trivarga	m	group of three (e.g. , , ; or: , , ; or: , , )	52
त्रै	trai	1Ā	to protect, to save	52
त्वर्	tvar	1Ā	to hasten	49

द

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
दण्ड	daṇḍa	m	stick, rod, punishment	18
दण्डनीति	daṇḍanīti	f	politics (a Tatpuruṣa compound from daṇḍa m. = "staff, power, rule, punishment" and nīti f. = "right guidance")	5
दरैद्र	daraidra	—	poor	20
दा	dā	3U	to give	33
दान	dāna	n	giving, gift, generosity	33
दायक	dāyaka	—	giving, bestowing	20
दार	dāra	m	wife	25
दास	dāsa	m	slave, serf, servant	15
दासी	dāsī	f	female slave, serf, servant	15
दिन	dina	n	day	43
दिवानिशम्	divāniśam	Adverb	by day and by night	48
दिव्य	divya	3	heavenly, divine	52
दिश्	diś	—	to show, to instruct, to command	17
दिष्टि	diṣṭi	f	instruction, happy coincidence	17
दिष्ट्या	diṣṭyā	—	(lit.: by a happy coincidence) O happy coincidence (exclamation of joy and bliss)	17
दिह्	dih	2U	to smear, to anoint	51
दीर्घ	dīrgha	3	long	49
दुहितृ	duhitṛ	f	daughter	42
दुह्	duh	—	to milk	17
दूत	dūta	m	messenger, envoy	42
देव	deva	m	Celestial being, god; prince, king	2
देवता	devatā	f	deity (abstract and concrete)	3
देवी	devī	f	goddess, esp. Durgā f. = , the consort of Śiva =	3
देवृ	devṛ	m	Brother of the husband (brother-in-law of the wife)	42
देश	deśa	m	place, location, country, region	50
द्रव्य	dravya	n	object, property, material possession, money	25
द्रु	dru	1P	to run, to hasten	46
द्रुह्	druh	4P	to harm	49
द्विज	dvija	m	"Twice-born" (initiates of the upper three classes: Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya)	2
द्विजाति	dvijāti	3	twice-born	5
द्विधा	dvidhā	—	twofold, in two parts	42
द्वेष	dveṣa	m	hatred	5
द्वेष	dveṣa	—	hatred	13

ध

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
धर्म	dharma	m	that which is firm and holds fast = Dharma	25
धा	dhā	—	to place, to set, to allot	33
धान्य	dhānya	n	threshed grain	25
धीर	dhīra	3	firm, steadfast, continuous, persistent	52
धृ	dhṛ	1U	hold, keep firm	25
धेनु	dhenu	f	(milk) cow	3
ध्यै	dhyai	1P	to imagine, to think	49
ध्रुव	dhruva	3	firm, unchangeable	50

न

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
ननान्दृ	nanāndṛ	f	Sister of the husband	42
ननाश	nanāśa	—	br	35
नन्दिन्	nandin	3	characterized by (special) joy, joyful; m. name of the mount () of the (a bull)	44
नन्द्	nand	1P	to rejoice in ()	44
नप्तृ	naptṛ	m	grandson	42
नमस्	namas	n	bowing, reverence, greeting (declension later). Greeting formula	24
नम्	nam	—	bend	20
नम्	nam	1P	bend, bow, incline, nod	46
नवग्रह	navagraha	m	the nine wandering stars (not planets!) (s. Basham, Wonder p. 493)	46
नशिष्यति	naśiṣyati	—	br	35
नश्	naś	4P	to perish, to be destroyed, to disappear	35
नाभि	nābhi	f	navel	20
नामन्	nāman	n	name	38
नाशयति	nāśayati	—	br	35
नि	ni	—	downwards, down, into, backwards	20
नि	ni	—	downwards, down, into, backwards	24
नि	ni	—	downwards, down, into, backwards	46
निखिल	nikhila	3	complete, whole	52
नित्य	nitya	—	constant, steadfast, eternal	25
नित्यम्	nityam	Adv	always, constantly, ever	25
निरोध	nirodha	m	Stopping, bringing to a standstill	16
निर्वाण	nirvāṇa	n	extinguishing, nirvāṇa	38
निश्चित	niścita	3	decided, fixed	43
निषेक	niṣeka	m	sprinkling, fertilization, liquid, ejaculation, ceremony at conception	50
निस्	nis	—	out, away, out, forth, from, away, without - from	52
नी	nī	—	lead away, instruct, educate	25
नृप	nṛpa	m	"protector of men" = king	20
नृशंस्य	nṛśaṃsya	n	Malice, baseness	16
नोचेत्	nocet	—	if not, otherwise	43
न्याय	nyāya	m	rule, principle, method, judgment (juridical), logic (from ni + i + a)	25
न्याय	nyāya	m	norm, rule, right manner; method, logic (from + )	29

प

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
पञ्जर	pañjara	n	cage	49
पण्डित	paṇḍita	—	clever, knowledgeable (in)	19
पण्डित	paṇḍita	3	clever, wise, learned	50
पण्य	paṇya	3	for sale; n.: goods, trade	43
पद	pada	n	step, location, place	13
पर	para	3	(declension like ) distant, foreign, higher than (), utmost, highest; other, foreign, hostile; m.: foreigner	52
परंपरा	paraṃparā	f	uninterrupted series	52
परम	parama	3	farthest, highest ; : better than, higher than	49
परम्	param	Adv	to a high degree, on that account, later, but, however	52
परलौकिक	paralaukika	—	pertaining to the beyond, otherworldly	20
परि	pari	—	around, about (place, time), about	29
परिचय	paricaya	m	acquaintance	49
परिचित	paricita	3	familiar, known	51
परिनिर्वाण	parinirvāṇa	n	perfect extinguishing, perfect liberation (at the death of a Buddha or Arhat)	38
परिव्राजक	parivrājaka	m	wanderer, wandering monk, pilgrim	29
पशु	paśu	m	domesticated livestock, cattle (collective noun)	3
पश्चात्ताप	paścāttāpa	m	regret	43
पा	pā	—	to drink (traditionally counted in the 1st class)	13
पात्र	pātra	n	Venerable, Master, Worthy One	40
पाद	pāda	m	foot, a quarter, verse line	13
पालयति	pālayati	—	also synonymous with	29
पितामह	pitāmaha	m	Paternal grandfather	42
पितामही	pitāmahī	f	Paternal grandmother	42
पितृ	pitṛ	m	father	42
पितृव्य	pitṛvya	m	Father's brother (paternal uncle)	42
पिशित	piśita	n	(prepared) meat	51
पीड्	pīḍ	10P	to press, torment; to distress, besiege, plague	52
पुत्र	putra	m	son	42
पुनः	punaḥ	—	repeatedly	30
पुनर्	punar	Adverb	again, back, but	24
पुनर्	punar	—	again, repeatedly, back, once more; however, but (before voiced sounds except r-: )	29
पुनर्	punar	—	again, repeatedly, back, once more, on the contrary, but	30
पुनर्भव	punarbhava	m	rebirth	30
पुरतस्	puratas	—	in front, before, in front of	43
पुरा	purā	Adv	once, formerly	42
पुरुष	puruṣa	m	human being, man, servant	15
पुष्कल	puṣkala	3	splendid, magnificent, abundant	15
पुस्तक	pustaka	m	Manuscript, Book	40
पू	pū	9U	to purify	30
पूजा	pūjā	f	honor, honorable reception, religious worship (Pūjā)	15
पूज्	pūj	10P	to honor, to revere	29
पृथिवी	pṛthivī	f	earth	36
पृथु	pṛthu	—	wide, broad, large	20
पृष्ठ	pṛṣṭha	n	back, rear side	36
पृष्ठम्	pṛṣṭham	—	behind	36
पॄ	pṝ	3P	to fill, to fulfill	33
प्रकृति	prakṛti	f	(to + ) basic form, natural state, nature; primal matter, prime substance	42
प्रजा	prajā	f	procreation, birth, offspring	29
प्रजापति	prajāpati	m	lord of creatures, creator god	36
प्रज्ञा	prajñā	f	wisdom, knowledge	25
प्रणिधान	praṇidhāna	n	application, effort, attention against, helpfulness, reflection, vow	20
प्रति	prati	—	back, against, against - towards	44
प्रति	prati	—	to - towards, after, with regard to, in relation to	52
प्रतिमा	pratimā	f	portrait, image	24
प्रतिमा	pratimā	f	image, likeness	33
प्रदान	pradāna	n	giving, donating; gift, donation	25
प्रधान	pradhāna	3	principal, best; n.: the most important	52
प्रभृति	prabhṛti	f	beginning	18
प्रव्रज्या	pravrajyā	f	the going forth from home into homelessness; ceremony by which one becomes a Buddhist novice (Pali: )	44
प्रसङ्ग	prasaṅga	m	attachment, inclination ; opportunity	48
प्रसूति	prasūti	f	birth, offspring	48
प्राणान्तिक	prāṇāntika	3	fatal, bringing death, life-long	51
प्रिय	priya	—	dear, loving, friendly	30
प्री	prī	9U	to delight, to please; to love, to be inclined towards someone	36

ब

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
बन्दी	bandī	f	Captive, plunder	51
बन्ध्	bandh	9P	bind, tie up	31
बलि	bali	m	Payment, donation, tribute	51
बाण	bāṇa	m	arrow, target	42
बाधना	bādhanā	f	distress, plague, torment	20
बाह्य	bāhya	3	located outside, abroad, foreign	51
ब्रह्मचर्य	brahmacarya	—	sexual abstinence, celibate way of life	22
ब्रह्मन्	brahman	n	the absolute, the Veda (according to Thieme originally: the formulated truth, from which "formulator of truth")	38
ब्राह्मण	brāhmaṇa	m	Brahmin (priestly class)	2
ब्राह्मणी	brāhmaṇī	f	Brahmana woman	3
ब्रू	brū	—	to speak, to say (something to someone: double accusative)	17

भ

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
भक्ति	bhakti	—	love and respect for a personal god. see Basham, Wonder p. 332f.)	21
भञ्ज्	bhañj	7P	(to) break (something)	31
भद्र	bhadra	3	good, happy; vocative: my dear!	43
भय	bhaya	n	fear, dread; danger (the subjective and the objective side)	33
भर्तृ	bhartṛ	m	sustainer, nourisher, husband	42
भार	bhāra	m	burden	28
भार	bhāra	m	burden	33
भार्या	bhāryā	f	"that which is to be maintained" = wife	20
भार्या	bhāryā	f	wife ( = gerundive to : to be carried, to be sustained, entitled to support)	42
भावना	bhāvanā	f	meditative unfolding (to causative)	20
भिक्षा	bhikṣā	f	begged alms, begging food	51
भिक्ष्	bhikṣ	—	to beg	21
भिद्	bhid	7U	split	31
भी	bhī	3P	to fear (Abl., Gen.)	33
भुजंग	bhujaṃga	m	Snake	51
भुजङ्ग	bhujaṅga	m	snake	41
भुज्	bhuj	7U	enjoy (e.g., food; "to enjoy the earth" = to rule the earth)	31
भू	bhū	—	(to become around someone = to encircle =) to master, to conquer; to disregard, to despise	29
भू	bhū	1P	arise, exist	31
भू	bhū	—	to encircle, to master, to conquer	46
भू	bhū	—	to recognize, to feel, to perceive, to experience	52
भृ	bhṛ	3U	to carry, to bring; to sustain, to nourish	33
भृत्य	bhṛtya	m	subordinate, servant	28
भोस्	bhos	—	exclamation of address, e.g.: hey, heda, oh, ei, hello, hi! often not translatable. This particle has a special sandhi:	46
भ्रंश	bhraṃśa	m	falling away	46
भ्रम्	bhram	1P	to wander, to roam	46
भ्रातृ	bhrātṛ	m	Brother	42

म

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
मणि	maṇi	m	Jewel	51
मत्स्य	matsya	m	fish	29
मद	mada	m	intoxication, sensual intoxication = sensual pleasure	25
मद	mada	m	also "must" of an elephant (in Musth)	51
मद्	mad	—	rejoice, be intoxicated by something (Instr., Gen., Loc.)	25
मधु	madhu	n	honey, sweet drink, mead (honey wine)	51
मध्य	madhya	—	middle; n. middle	20
मनु	manu	m	human being, man; name of the father of the human race (to 4Ā)	38
मनुष्य	manuṣya	m	human being	38
मन्	man	—	disregard, despise	50
मन्त्रिन्	mantrin	3	advisory; m.: advisor, councilor, minister	50
मरण	maraṇa	n	dying, death	15
मल	mala	m	dirt, blemish	52
मही	mahī	f	earth, ground, soil	20
मही	mahī	—	the Great One)	32
मा	mā	3Ā	to measure	33
मांस	māṃsa	n	meat	51
मातामह	mātāmaha	m	Maternal grandfather	42
मातामही	mātāmahī	f	Maternal grandmother	42
मातुल	mātula	m	Mother's brother (maternal uncle)	42
मातुलानी	mātulānī	f	Wife of the mother's brother (mother's brother's wife)	42
मातृ	mātṛ	f	mother	42
मात्रा	mātrā	f	measure, limitation	18
मात्स्य	mātsya	3	belonging to the fish (to fish)	29
मान	māna	m	assessment, reputation, fame, honor, pride, conceit, sense of inferiority; (one measures oneself against others)	25
मार	māra	m	the personified evil, the personified temptation/manipulation, devil	52
मार्यादा	māryādā	f	boundary	51
मिह्	mih	1P	urinate, piss, ejaculate	38
मुदिता	muditā	f	Joy, specifically sympathetic joy (opposite of envy)	3
मुहूर्त	muhūrta	m	moment, instant, right moment	49
मूल	mūla	n	root	25
मूल्य	mūlya	n	value, price	43
मृ	mṛ	—	to die (according to Indian grammarians: 6 Ā)	15
मृगया	mṛgayā	f	hunting	51
मृति	mṛti	f	dying, death	15
मृत्यु	mṛtyu	m	death; personified: god of death	15
मृदु	mṛdu	3	gentle, mild, soft; slow, weak	29
मेघ	megha	m	cloud ("seicher")	38
मेधा	medhā	f	Wisdom, Intellect, Thought	40
मैत्री	maitrī	f	friendship, friendliness, friendly goodwill	5

य

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
यज्ञ	yajña	m	sacrifice	10
यत्	yat	1Ā	to strive for (, , )	44
यत्न	yatna	m	effort, exertion	44
यथा	yathā	Adv	how, as if	29
यदि	yadi	—	if	25
यदि	yadi	—	if	30
यदि	yadi	—	if	46
यद्यपि	yadyapi	—	even if, although	30
यद्येवम्	yadyevam	—	if it is so, under these circumstances	30
यम्	yam	1P	to hold, to carry; to offer, to grant; to hold together, to bind, to rein, to conquer	44
या	yā	2P	to go, to travel	44
यातृ	yātṛ	m	Wife of the husband's brother	42
यान	yāna	n	going, path, vehicle	44
याम	yāma	m	night watch (each three hours)	52
यावत्	yāvat	Adv	how long, during	42
युज्	yuj	7U	to yoke, to hitch, to fasten; Ā also: to strain (= to exert oneself), to connect with, to concentrate on (Locative, )	31
योग	yoga	m	Harnessing, connection, union, acquisition; Yoga	16
योषित्	yoṣit	f	young woman, girl	51
यौवन	yauvana	n	Youth	48

र

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
रक्त	rakta	—	dyed, red	20
रभ्	rabh	1Ā	to grasp	44
रम्	ram	1Ā	to stand still, to rest, to linger; to take pleasure, to delight	29
रहस्	rahas	n	secret, solitude	50
राग	rāga	m	(red) color, passion, love	5
राग	rāga	m	also: color, red color	51
राजन्	rājan	m	king (on kingship in India see Basham, Wonder pp. 82–94). As the final member of a compound (esp. ) usually: - m. (like	38
राज्ञी	rājñī	f	queen, wife of a king	38
राज्य	rājya	3	royal; n. kingdom, kingship, rule	38
रिष्	riṣ	1P	be harmed, fail, be damaged	50
रुत	ruta	n	screaming	51
रुद्	rud	—	to weep, to howl	17
रुद्र	rudra	m	(the howler =) the storm god Rudra	17
रुधिर	rudhira	n	Blood	51
रुध्	rudh	7U	stop, bring to a standstill, hold back = enclose, cover	31
रुह्	ruh	1P	climb, ascend	46
रुह्यते	ruhyate	—	br	32
रूढ	rūḍha	—	br	32
रे	re	—	Hey! You there!	43
रोक्ष्यति	rokṣyati	—	br	32
रोहयति	rohayati	—	br	32

ल

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
लक्षण	lakṣaṇa	n	feature, sign, attribute	20
लघु	laghu	3	easy (not heavy, not difficult), fast, short (in expression)	48
लम्ब्	lamb	1Ā	to hang down from (), to hang on ()	46
लिप्	lip	6U	smear, daub	25
लिप्ति	lipti	f	smearing, writing, script	25
लीला	līlā	f	jest, play	42
लुप्	lup	6U	break, destroy	50
लोकयिष्यति	lokayiṣyati	—	br	32
लोकित	lokita	—	br	32
लोक्यते	lokyate	—	br	32
लोभ	lobha	m	greed, avarice	5
लौल्य	laulya	n	greed, lustfulness	52

व

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
वञ्चक	vañcaka	m	fraudster	43
वणिज्	vaṇij	m	merchant	43
वत्स	vatsa	m	calf, young, child; voc.: my dear	43
वत्स्यति	Fut.:	—	br Pass.: PPP: Inf	27
वद्	vad	—	to greet formally, to address	36
वद्	vad	1P	to say back = to answer	44
वन	vana	n	Forest	51
वपुस्	vapus	n	beauty, form of the body (declension see later)	20
वर	vara	3	best	43
वर	vara	m	wish	49
वर	vara	3	best	52
वर्ग	varga	m	section, division, group	52
वर्ण	varṇa	m	Color, birth class (aspiration)	2
वर्ण	varṇa	m	color, genus, caste	5
वर्ष	varṣa	n	rain, rainy season, year	25
वश्	vaś	2P	to want, to command, to desire	52
वसन्त	vasanta	m	("shining" =) spring (March to May)	27
वसिष्यते	Fut.:	—	br PPP: Inf	27
वसु	vasu	n	wealth, treasure, property, possession	27
वस्	vas	1P	to stay, to dwell (with locative of the person with whom one dwells)	27
वस्तु	vastu	n	seat, place; reality, real thing, reality, object	27
वस्तुतस्	vastutas	—	in reality, really	27
वस्त्र	vastra	n	means to put on = garment, robe, cloth	27
वह्	vah	1U	lead, drive, blow (wind)	25
वा	vā	—	or (postposed)	15
वा	vā	—	or	20
वा	vā	2P	to blow, to breathe	38
वा	vā	—	either ... or	45
वा	vā	2P	to blow, to breathe	52
वाच्य	vācya	3	also: blameworthy	48
वात	vāta	m	wind	38
वात	vāta	m	wind	52
वानप्रस्थ	vānaprastha	m	forest hermit (someone who is in the 3rd )	29
वार्त्ता	vārttā	f	livelihood, economics (economy)	5
विक्ल्प	viklpa	m	Alternative, doubt	40
विचित्र	vicitra	—	multicolored, various, beautiful, wonderful, strange	20
विजिज्ञासु	vijijñāsu	3	one who wishes to know completely	52
विज्ञान	vijñāna	n	knowledge, cognition	25
विद्	vid	2P	to know, to recognize	28
विद्या	vidyā	f	knowledge, science	5
विधि	vidhi	m	order, law, regulation; creation, fate	20
विधि	vidhi	m	also: fate (from )	50
विनय	vinaya	m	removal, education, discipline, Buddhist: monastic discipline, monastic law	25
विना	vinā	—	without, except (with Acc., Instr., Abl.)	25
विपणि	vipaṇi	f	shop	43
विप्र	vipra	m	"trembler" = poet, singer, priest, Brahmin	20
विभ्रम	vibhrama	m	going back and forth	46
विलम्ब	vilamba	n	delay, lateness	43
विवाह	vivāha	m	leading away, marriage of a woman (Instr., saha) (for marriage see Basham, Wonder pp. 166-171)	25
विशेष	viśeṣa	m	peculiarity, specification, differentia specifica	23
विशेष	viśeṣa	m	difference, peculiarity	48
विष	viṣa	n	poison	41
विष	viṣa	n	Poison	51
विषय	viṣaya	m	area, region, object, sense object	20
विष्टि	viṣṭi	f	work, forced labor	25
विहंग	vihaṃga	m	bird ("going into the airdream - -")	49
वृज्	vṛj	7P	to turn, to rotate; to ward off, to exclude	52
वृत्	vṛt	—	to turn, to turn around, to be (somewhere), to dwell	16
वृत्	vṛt	—	turn around, return	20
वृत्	vṛt	—	occur, happen, arise	24
वृत्त	vṛtta	n	behavior	24
वृत्ति	vṛtti	f	behavior, activity, way of life	24
वृद्धि	vṛddhi	f	growth, increase, strengthening (from: vṛdh-ti)	25
वृध्	vṛdh	1Ā	to grow, to become greater	25
वृष्	vṛṣ	1P	to rain (usually with a -- a god or a cloud)	50
वेष	veṣa	m	garment, appearance, exterior	49
वै	vai	—	particle that emphasizes the preceding word: indeed, truly, but	50
वैश्य	vaiśya	m	Vaiśya (agricultural and merchant class)	2
वैश्या	vaiśyā	f	female Vaiśya	3
व्यवहार	vyavahāra	m	activity, conduct, interaction, commerce, business, trade, (legal) process	52
व्याकरण	vyākaraṇa	n	Grammar (to )	48
व्याघ्र	vyāghra	m	tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) (lit.: yawner)	15
व्याधि	vyādhi	m	illness	18
व्रज्	vraj	1P	to stride, to go, to go away	36
व्रत	vrata	—	a mother promises to dedicate her daughter as a temple prostitute () if her daughter recovers. Important today: fasting;	22

श

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
शंस्	śaṃs	1P	to praise, to command	42
शकुनि	śakuni	m	bird	51
शक्ति	śakti	—	divine power, personified as female companion especially of	22
शबर	śabara	—	Proper name of a non-Aryan tribe	51
शब्द	śabda	m	sound, tone, signal sound: word	18
शयन	śayana	n	couch, bed	44
शर	śara	m	arrow-shaft, arrow	42
शरण	śaraṇa	3	protecting, shielding; n. protection, refuge, taking refuge	41
शर्करा	śarkarā	f	sugar (the German "Zucker" goes via Italian zucchero, from there via Arabic sukkar - سكر and Persian šäkär - شکر back to	43
शस्त्र	śastra	—	Cutting tool, cutting weapon, sword, weapon	16
शासना	śāsanā	f	royal edict, teaching, religion	41
शास्	śās	2P	command, teach, punish	25
शास्	śās	2P	to reprimand, to control, to command, to teach	41
शास्त्र	śāstra	n	teaching, treatise	41
शास्त्रिन्	śāstrin	m	learned, scholar	41
शिक्षा	śikṣā	f	science, instruction; phonetics	25
शिवा	śivā	f	(female) jackal (golden jackal = Canis aureus)	51
शिशु	śiśu	m	child, young	49
शिष्	śiṣ	7P	to leave, to leave behind	51
शिष्य	śiṣya	3	to be instructed = student	41
शी	śī	2Ā	to lie. This root has in all forms of the present stem strong grade: 1.sg.Ind.Pres.Ā (śe + e). The following forms are p	44
शीघ्र	śīghra	3	quick, rapid	43
शील	śīla	n	custom, habit, nature, character, good habit = morality	52
शुचि	śuci	3	shining, glowing, fine; m.: purity	29
शुचि	śuci	3	radiant, pure, clear	38
शुच्	śuc	1P	(flame, shine); mourn, bewail	38
शूद्र	śūdra	m	Śūdra (service class)	2
शूद्रा	śūdrā	f	female Śūdra	3
शूद्री	śūdrī	f	wife of a Śūdra	3
शून्य	śūnya	3	empty, desolate	51
शूर	śūra	3	brave, heroic ; m.: hero	18
शोक	śoka	m	grief, sorrow	38
शोभन	śobhana	3	brilliant, splendid, majestic, beautiful, good	18
शौच	śauca	n	Purification, purity	16
श्रमयति	śramayati	—	br	32
श्रमित्वा	śramitvā	—	br	32
श्रमिष्यते	śramiṣyate	—	br	32
श्रम्	śram	4P	toil, become tired	46
श्रम्यते	śramyate	—	br	32
श्रान्त	śrānta	—	br	32
श्रि	śri	1U	to lean, to lean against, to find support, to go to someone (, )	46
श्रुति	śruti	f	hearing, the eternal tradition (designation for the Vedas and Brāhmaṇa's)	3
श्रेष्ठिन्	śreṣṭhin	m	wealthy merchant	43
श्रोणि	śroṇi	—	hip	20
श्वन्	śvan	m	dog	51
श्वसुर	śvasura	f	Father-in-law (in ancient times: only of the wife)	42
श्वस्	śvas	—	tomorrow	48
श्वस्रू	śvasrū	f	Mother-in-law (declension follows later)	42

स

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
संख्या	saṃkhyā	f	counting, enumeration ; n.: one of the six philosophical systems (short: Basham, Wonder p. 326f.)	24
संपुट	saṃpuṭa	m	can (here: package, bundle)	43
संयक्	saṃyak	Adv	correct, true, in the proper manner; thoroughly, completely	50
सकाश	sakāśa	m	presence, presence	42
सङ्ग	saṅga	m	the attaching to, contact with ()	46
सङ्घ	saṅgha	n	(to - : to strike together): group, multitude, community (e.g. Buddhist)	41
सज्ज्	sajj	1P	to hang, to adhere	48
सञ्ज्	sañj	1P	to attach, to adhere to ()	46
सत्य	satya	n	truth	10
सत्वर	satvara	3	quick, hurried	43
सद्	sad	—	sit, settle down	20
सद्	sad	—	to sit down	46
सनातन	sanātana	—	eternal, imperishable, constant	30
सम	sama	3	equal, even, similar (with instrumental)	18
समय	samaya	m	agreement, contract, deadline, date, time	43
समाधि	samādhi	m	inner collection, highest attention, meditative "absorption"	20
समाधि	samādhi	m	inner collection, highest attention	33
समान	samāna	—	equal	23
समान	samāna	3	of the same kind, equal, similar; m.: contemporary	51
सर्व	sarva	3	each, all	50
सहित	sahita	3	united, provided with	18
साधन	sādhana	m	leading to the goal, effective	16
साधु	sādhu	3	correct, good	2
साध्वी	sādhvī	f	fem. from sādhu	3
सामर्थ्य	sāmarthya	n	that which corresponds to its purpose	25
सामान्य	sāmānya	n	equality, agreement	23
सायक	sāyaka	m	Arrow	51
सार	sāra	m	core, marrow, essence, substance	52
सिंह	siṃha	m	lion (Panthera leo persica)	15
सीमन्	sīman	f	boundary	38
सुत	suta	m	son	38
सुप्ति	supti	f	Sleep, esp. deep sleep	40
सुष्टु	suṣṭu	3	highly praised, excellent, good	18
सूक्ष्म	sūkṣma	3	fine, tiny, subtle	48
सूर्य	sūrya	m	sun, sun god Sūrya	38
सूर्य	sūrya	m	sun	52
सेवा	sevā	f	service, attendance	52
सेव्	sev	1Ā	to serve someone (), to attend to, to honor, to love	52
स्तन	stana	m	breast	20
स्तु	stu	—	to praise, to extol	15
स्तुति	stuti	f	praise, hymn of praise	15
स्तेन	stena	m	thief	25
स्तेय	steya	n	theft	25
स्तोत्र	stotra	n	(means of praise =) hymn of praise, hymn	15
स्त्री	strī	f	woman	20
स्त्री	strī	f	Woman, wife ; Feminine	48
स्थविर	sthavira	3	old, aged	48
स्था	sthā	—	to stand apart from, to abstain from, to keep away, to remain, to stand	42
स्थाविर	sthāvira	n	(high) age	48
स्पृश्	spṛś	6P	to touch	36
स्मृति	smṛti	f	recollection, memory, meditative recollection = mindfulness, tradition (counter-concept to śruti). Encompasses	3
स्व	sva	3	own, his/her/its (my, your, etc.). Declined like . In the Abl./Loc. sg. m.n. and in the Nom. pl. m. it can also be decli	51
स्वक	svaka	3	own (my, your ...) ; m.: member	36
स्वप्	svap	2P	to sleep, to go to sleep	40
स्वप्न	svapna	m	Sleep, dream	40
स्वभाव	svabhāva	m	being, nature, character	25
स्वयम्	svayam	—	self, of itself	49
स्वसृ	svasṛ	f	Sister	42
स्वस्ति	svasti	f	happiness, salvation (nominal formation from = "it is good")	24
स्वागत	svāgata	n	welcome (from su-ā-gata)	24
स्वाध्याय	svādhyāya	m	"self-study", recitation (especially of the Veda), Vedic study	20

ह

Sanskrit	IAST	Genus	English	Lesson
हन्	han	—	to strike, to kill, to slay	17
हन्	han	2P	to strike back	44
हर	hara	3	taking away; m.: the destroyer = epithet of Śiva	27
हरि	hari	3	blond, yellow, green; m. epithet of Viṣṇu (does not belong to the root 1)	27
हरिष्यति	Fut.:	—	br Pass.: PPP: Inf	27
हरिहर	harihara	m	Viṣṇu and Śiva united as a single deity	27
हर्ष	harṣa	m	(raising of body hair), joy	25
हस्त	hasta	m	hand	18
हस्तिन्	hastin	m	elephant (Elephas maximus)	38
हा	hā	3P	to leave	33
हिरण्य	hiraṇya	—	golden ; n.: gold, money, wealth	25
हीन	PPP	—	left by, lacking, deficient	33
हीनयान	hīnayāna	n	the deficient vehicle (of Buddhism): derogatory term used by the representatives of the "great vehicle", the ; the defic	33
हु	hu	3P	to pour into fire (as an offering, esp. melted butter)	33
हृ	hṛ	1U	to hold, to carry; to fetch, to take away, to steal	27
हृदय	hṛdaya	n	heart	42
हृष्	hṛṣ	4P	to become stiff: to bristle (hair), to rejoice over (Instr., Acc., Loc.)	36
हेतु	hetu	m	motive, incitement, cause, reason; , , with Genitive or as the second member of a compound = "for the sake of ..., becau	24
ह्रस्व	hrasva	3	short	49
ह्वे	hve	—	call, summon	46